When Can I Sue a Bus for an Accident in New York City?

Determining liability in bus accidents can be complex, especially when multiple factors, such as driver negligence, traffic laws, and right-of-way rules, come into play. Whether you’re a pedestrian, cyclist, or driver, knowing your legal rights and the responsibilities of bus operators can make a significant difference in your ability to seek compensation for your injuries. What are the rules that apply to city buses, and can you sue if you are hit by one? 

When Do City Buses Have the Right of Way in NYC? 

City buses, particularly those operated by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA), must follow specific right-of-way laws, but they are treated differently than standard passenger vehicles, rideshare vehicles, and taxis. 

Buses at Bus Stops 

One of the most notable instances when city buses have the right of way is when they are pulling out of a designated bus stop. Under the New York State Vehicle and Traffic Law, drivers of other vehicles are required to yield to a bus that is signaling to leave a bus stop and re-enter traffic. This rule helps city buses keep their schedules by allowing them to safely and efficiently merge back into the flow of traffic after picking up or dropping off passengers. 

However, it’s important to note that even though drivers must yield to buses leaving bus stops, bus operators must still exercise caution. They must signal their intent to merge and ensure that it’s safe to do so without causing an accident. 

Bus-Only Lanes 

In New York City, buses often have dedicated bus lanes that allow them to avoid general traffic congestion. In these lanes, buses generally have the right of way. Other vehicles are not allowed to drive in or block these lanes during their designated hours of operation, which are typically indicated by street signs. 

Motorists are allowed to briefly enter a bus lane when making a turn or accessing a parking spot, but they must yield to any buses using the lane. Failure to yield to buses in bus-only lanes can result in a traffic citation and a fine. 

When Do City Buses Have to Yield? 

While city buses have certain privileges when pulling out of bus stops and using bus-only lanes, there are still many instances where they are required to yield to other road users. Buses, like all vehicles, must follow general traffic laws and yield under certain conditions. 

Yielding to Pedestrians 

One of the most critical situations where buses must yield is at crosswalks. Pedestrians have the right of way at marked crosswalks, whether or not there is a traffic signal. Buses must stop and allow pedestrians to cross safely before proceeding. 

Even in unmarked crosswalks—such as intersections without a painted crosswalk—buses and other vehicles must yield to pedestrians crossing the street. Failure to yield to pedestrians can result in serious accidents, for which the bus driver or the MTA could be held liable. 

Yielding to Emergency Vehicles 

Like all other vehicles, buses are required to yield the right of way to emergency vehicles such as ambulances, fire trucks, and police cars when they have their lights and sirens activated. Buses must pull over to the side of the road and stop until the emergency vehicle has passed. 

Right of Way Rules at Intersections 

Intersections are a common site for traffic accidents, and right-of-way rules are especially important to prevent collisions. In New York City, the rules for buses at intersections are largely the same as for any other vehicle. 

Controlled Intersections 

At intersections controlled by traffic signals or stop signs, buses must follow the general rules of the road. If a traffic light is red or a stop sign is present, the bus must stop and yield to vehicles and pedestrians in the intersection. When making a turn at an intersection, buses must yield to oncoming traffic and pedestrians crossing the street. 

Uncontrolled Intersections 

At intersections without traffic signals or stop signs, buses must yield to vehicles already in the intersection or those approaching from the right. As with any other vehicle, buses must also yield to pedestrians crossing at the intersection, whether or not there is a marked crosswalk. 

Right of Way Rules Regarding Cyclists 

Buses must yield to cyclists, particularly in situations where bike lanes are present. Cyclists have the right of way when traveling in their designated lanes, and buses must be careful not to cut off or obstruct cyclists. When making turns across a bike lane, bus drivers must ensure that the way is clear and yield to any cyclists approaching from behind. 

Can I Sue If I Am Hit by a City Bus? 

If you are hit by a city bus in New York City, you may have grounds for a personal injury lawsuit. The responsible party in a bus accident case can vary depending on the circumstances, and identifying who is liable is a crucial step in pursuing compensation for your injuries. 

The MTA 

In most cases, the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) is liable for accidents involving city buses. As a government entity, the MTA is responsible for the actions of its employees, including bus drivers. However, suing a public agency like the MTA comes with additional legal complexities, including specific notice requirements. In New York, you must file a Notice of Claim within 90 days of the accident if you intend to pursue legal action against the MTA. 

Other Vehicles 

If another vehicle’s actions caused the bus to hit you—for example, if a reckless driver forced the bus into your path—you may be able to file a claim against that driver as well. In some cases, multiple parties may share responsibility for the accident, and your attorney can help determine who should be held accountable. 

You Have Legal Recourse. Pursue a Bus Accident Lawsuit Today 

While buses have specific privileges, they are still required to yield to pedestrians, cyclists, and other vehicles in many situations. If you or a loved one has been involved in an accident with a city bus, it’s important to explore your options for compensation and take action immediately. At Morelli Law, we take on complex cases against big opponents, including the MTA. We’ve secured billions of dollars in compensation for our clients, and we’re not afraid to go to court when necessary. If you’ve been injured, whether as a pedestrian or driver, get in touch with us today for a free consultation.